Appendicitis

About Appendicitis

Appendicitis is the inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch attached to the large intestine. It commonly causes sharp abdominal pain, especially in the lower right side, and can lead to serious complications if untreated. It often results from blockage or infection. Prompt diagnosis and treatment, usually by surgical removal of the appendix (appendectomy), are essential to prevent rupture and further health risks.

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Risk Factors

Age between 10 and 30 years (most common in this group)
Family history of appendicitis
Obstruction of the appendix lumen (e.g., fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia)
Infections in the digestive tract
Low-fiber diet leading to constipation and blockage

Common Signs and Symptoms

Diagnosis of Appendicitis

Diagnosis starts with a detailed medical history and physical examination, focusing on abdominal tenderness, especially in the lower right quadrant. Blood tests typically show elevated white blood cell counts indicating infection. Imaging techniques such as abdominal ultrasound or CT scan are used to confirm inflammation or enlargement of the appendix. Urine tests may rule out urinary tract infections, and sometimes pregnancy tests are done for women to exclude other causes of abdominal pain.

Treatment Options

Appendectomy

Removal of the tumor or part of the esophagus (esophagectomy).

Antibiotic Therapy

May be used in select cases, especially mild or early appendicitis, to reduce infection.

Pain Relief

Medications to manage abdominal pain before and after treatment.

Supportive Care

Includes hydration and rest to aid recovery.

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