Colonic Diverticulitis

About Colonic Diverticulitis

Colonic diverticulitis is the inflammation or infection of small pouches (diverticula) that form in the colon wall. These diverticula develop due to weak spots in the colon, often related to aging or a low-fiber diet. When these pouches become inflamed, it causes abdominal pain, fever, and digestive issues. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications like abscesses or perforation of the colon.

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Risk Factors

Common Signs and Symptoms

Diagnosis of Colonic Diverticulitis

Diagnosis involves a detailed medical history and physical examination focusing on abdominal tenderness. Blood tests often show elevated white blood cells indicating infection. Imaging studies such as a CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis are the gold standard to confirm inflammation, detect complications like abscesses, and assess the extent of diverticulitis. Ultrasound or abdominal X-rays may also be used but are less definitive. Colonoscopy is generally avoided during acute episodes due to risk of perforation.

Treatment Options

Antibiotics

To treat infection in mild to moderate cases.

Dietary Changes

Initially a clear liquid diet, progressing to a high-fiber diet to prevent recurrence.

Pain Management

Medications to relieve abdominal pain and discomfort.

Surgery

Required in severe or complicated cases such as abscess, perforation, or recurrent diverticulitis.

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